传染病专科医院感染调查分析

An Investigation and Analysis on the Infection of a Infectious Disease Hospital

目的了解传染病专科医院感染的发生情况,为制定医院感染控制措施提供理论依据。方法对医院2010年12月-2011年11月的26,594份传染病患者出院病案资料进行回顾性分析。结果发生医院感染848例,医院感染发生率3.19%;感染部位:腹腔感染306例占36.08%、上呼吸道66例次(7.78%)、下呼吸道感染140例(16.51%)、胃肠道40例次(4.72%)、口腔等真菌感染75例次(8.84%)、血液96例次(11.32%)泌尿系统55例次(6.49%)、其他90例占10.61%。主要医院感染诊断为腹腔感染,其次为肺炎。肝硬化及免疫力低下是医院感染相关的主要危险因素。真菌及多重耐药的肠杆菌是医院感染的主要病原体。结论传染病医院的医院感染工作管理重点除了防控传染病院内交叉感染外,重症肝炎和肝硬化患者也应注重预防真菌和多重耐药菌感染的发生。

Objective To investigate the occurance status of hospital infection in infectious disease hospital in order to provide the- oretical basis for the formulation of the controlling measures of hospital infection. Method To retrospectively analyze the medical records materials of 26594 cases of patients who suffered from infection disease from December 2010 to November 2011 of our hospi- tal. Result There were 848 cases of hospital infection, and the incidence rate was 3.19%, in which the number of abdominal cavity infection was 306 cases and account for 36.08%, the upper respiratory tract infection was 66 cases account for 7.78%, the lower respiratory tract infection was 140 cases account for 16.51%, gastrointestinal tract was 40 cases account for 4.72%, oral cavity in- fection was 75 cases account for 8.84%, blood 96 cases account forl1.32%, urinary tract infection was 55 cases account for 6.49%, the other infection is 90 case account for 10.61%. The infection in belly cavity was themain and pneumonia was the next. The main related dangerous factors of hospital infection were cirrhosis and hypomimunity. The fungi and multi resistant enterobacter ia were main pathogen. Conclusion The emphasis of management of nosocomial infection was not only preventing and controlling cross infec- tion of contagious diseases, but also preventing and controling the autoinfection of patients with hepatitis and cirrhosis.