新生儿胎粪吸入综合征临床分型与特点的初步探讨

Clinical Types and Characteristics of the Meconium Aspiration Syndrome in Newborns

目的 探讨新生儿胎粪吸入综合征(MAS)的临床分型及其特点。方法 对100例MAS患儿临床资料进行回顾性分析，根据临床症状、体征及辅助检查结果，将MAS患儿分为五种临床类型；根据病情严重程度分为三种临床类型。结果 无症状型、普通型、肺动脉高压(PPHN)型、急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)型及肺出血型等五种临床类型的病例数(百分比)分别为18例(18%)，70例(70%)，6例(6%)，3例(3%)和3例(3%)，其死亡率分别为0，1.4%，16.7%，33.3%及66.7%。轻型、重型和极重型病例数(百分比)分别为64例(64%)，23例(23%)及13例(13%)，其死亡率分别为0，4.3%及30.8%。结论 MAS的临床分型对于指导治疗和判断预后有重要意义。

Objective To study the clinical types and the characteristics of the meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS). Met hods According to the symptoms and signs, results of chest radiograph and d oppler ultrasonic echocardiograph, 100 cases of MAS were divided into 5 clinical types. All cases were divided into 3 clinical types based on the severity of th e diseases. Results The 5 typess were: asymptomatic, general, p ersistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN), the acute respiratory di stress syndrome (ARDS) and pulmonary hemorrhage. The number of cases (and rate) of each type was 18(18%), 70(70%), 6(6%), 3(3%) and 3(3%) respectively, and the mortality rate of each type was 0, 1.4%, 16.7%, 33.3% and 66.7% respectively. The cases (and rate) of the mild type, severe type and risky type were 64 (64%), 23 (23%) and 13 (13%) respectively. The mortality rate of each ty pe was 0, 4.3% and 30.8%. Conclusions The division of c linical types of MAS may be useful in the treatment and prognosis.