试论“取类比象”及其局限性

On “Analogy by Classification” and Its Limitation

在回顾并分析“取类比象”认识方法的由来、内涵及其对中医学理论意义的基础上 ,认为其既有助于从事物同一性的角度 ,宏观认识并把握人体生理、病理变化的规律 ,寻究未知生命奥秘的积极作用 ,却也存在着忽视不同事物间的差异性 ,从而影响中医理论准确表述的缺陷。为避免这一认识方法的局限性 。

In review and analysis of the origin,internal meaning and significance of the cognitive method of “analogy by classification”in the theory of Chinese medicine,the author believes that there is its positive function to recognize and master microcosmically the rules of the human physiology and pathological change from the similarity of the matter and to search the life mysteries,but its defect also exists because of its neglect in difference among the different matters,leading to imprecise expression in Chinese medical theory.In order to avoid the limitation of this cognitive method,the author puts forward that it is necessary to pay attention to the principle of microcosmic analogy and special analogy in the process of application.