基于改进粒子群算法的电梯优化调度研究

An Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Elevator Scheduling

针对上班高峰期多台电梯调度的问题,建立了反映整个电梯服务系统特征的数学模型,以达到最小化乘客的平均等待时间即候梯时间为调度目标,在此基础上,利用改进粒子群算法对电梯相应的服务楼层分区方案进行迭代寻优,同时满足最小化电梯平均运行时间和载客人数的要求,使所有电梯发挥其最高效的作用。在模型的求解过程中采用非线性方程的数值解法进行求解,并通过Matlab编程最终得到电梯相应服务楼层的优化调度方案。这两者的结合在仿真中取得了有效的成果,证明了这一调度方法的实用性和有效性。

The problem of scheduling more than one working elevators at peak hours is addressed in this paper. Aiming at minimizing passengers＇ waiting time, a mathematical model is established by a triplet to describe the characteristics of the elevator service system. Based on this model, a heuristic algorithm is proposed to solve the problem by integrating the improved particle swarm optimization and elevator dispatc- hing theory. In solving the problem, the nonlinear equations are solved by numerical method. In this way, all elevators can operate in a most effective way so as to minimize the average running time of the elevators and the average number of passengers. A practical case problem is used to verify the proposed method. By simulation with Matlab, it shows the usefulness and effectiveness of the proposed method.