规范化教育对老年胸部肿瘤手术后患者康复的影响

Effect of standardized education on rehabilitation of elderly chest tumor patients after surgery

目的探讨规范化教育在老年胸部肿瘤手术后患者康复中的作用。方法将收治的142例老年胸部肿瘤手术患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各71例。对照组患者给予常规健康指导,即患者需要或询问时给予相应的健康教育。观察组患者根据规范化教育内容给予健康指导,包括入院指导、心理疏导、病情指导、用药指导和功能锻炼指导等术前指导;翻身、咳嗽、深呼吸和缓解疼痛方法等术后指导;出院后注意事项、强调遵从医嘱、坚持服药和定期复查等出院指导。患者出院时比较两组患者对宣教内容的知晓率、康复锻炼执行率及术后肺功能恢复时间、平均住院时间和患者满意度。结果观察组宣教内容的知晓率、康复锻炼执行率和患者满意度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),术后肺功能恢复时间和平均住院时间显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论规范化教育指导有利于提高老年胸部肿瘤术后患者对健康知识的掌握,促进患者康复锻炼,提高患者满意度,减少住院时间,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the effect of standardized education on rehabilitation of elder- ly chest tumor patients after surgery. Methods 142 elderly patients with chest tumor for surgery were ran- domly divided into the observation group and the control group. The control group were treated with conven- tional health guidance-casual heath education according to need of the patients, while the observation group were given health guidance according to standardized educational content including preoperative guidance such as admission, guidance, psychological counseling, condition guidance, medication guidance, and postoperative guidance such as functional exercise guidance, stand up, cough, deep breath, pain relief methods, as well as discharge guidance such as the notes after discharge, emphasizing compliance, medica- tion adherence, regular review. The rate of awareness, the rate of implementation of the two groups were compared, as well as the postoperative lung function recovery time, the average length of stay, and patient satisfaction. Results The rate of awareness, the rate of implementation, and patient satisfaction of the ob- servation group were significantly higher than those of the control group （P 〈 O. 05 ） , postoperative lung function recovery time and the average length of stay were significantly lower than those of the control group （P 〈 O. 05）. Conclusions Health guidance according to standardized education given to patients with chest tumor surgery can help improve health knowledge of patients, promote rehabilitation exercises, im- prove patients＇ satisfaction, reduce hospitalization time, which is worthy of clinical application.