脲甲醛-石膏-膨润土基大豆缓释肥的研制及其养分释放性能评价

Preparation of Urea-formaldehyde-gypsum-bentonite Based Specialty Slow-release Fertilizers for Soybean and Evaluation of Nutrient Release Characteristics

以脲醛-半水石膏-膨润土新型的有机-无机复合缓释材料作为粘结剂,依据大豆的生长需求,采用挤压混合反应-振动筛分-圆盘造粒一体化制备技术,制备出4种低甲醛脲醛-石膏-膨润土基大豆专用的缓释肥料,即缓释氮肥、包膜缓释氮肥、缓释复合肥和包膜缓释肥;采用石英砂连续淋溶法测定缓释肥的养分释放速率,并与常规肥料进行对比,评价大豆缓释肥料N、P、K、S元素的养分释放特性。结果表明:相比常规肥料,大豆缓释肥的养分释放速率缓慢、周期长、缓释性能好,其中包膜缓释肥的缓释性能最好。

The aim of the study was to prepare soybean specific slow-release fertilizers for soybean with the low formaldehyde urea-formaldehyde-gypsum-bentonite as the organic-inorganic binder by an integral preparation technology of extrusion mixing reaction, vibration screener and disc granulation, and nutrients release characteristics were determined by the method of contin- uous leaching in quartz sand and compared with an conventional fertilizer to evaluate the release characteristics of N, P, K and S in soybeans slow release fertilizers. The results showed that nutrients release of slow-release fertilizers prepared were slower and longer and release characteristics of the coated slow release fertilizers was the best.