金沙江下游梯级与三峡梯级枢纽联合蓄放水调度研究

Research on impounding dispatch for the lower cascade reservoir in Jinsha River and Three Gorges cascade

针对流域干支流梯级水库群汛末竞争性蓄水这一工程问题,以金沙江四库和三峡梯级枢纽为研究对象,在保证防洪安全的前提下,将流域水库群蓄水原则与K值判别式法相结合,提出一种新的蓄放水策略来判定流域梯级各水库的蓄水时机及次序,通过对典型年不同频率的来水进行调洪演算模拟,得到各水库不同频率的蓄水控制线,进而绘制蓄水调度图;在此基础上,建立基于蓄水调度图的蓄水优化调度模型,并采用仿电磁学全局优化算法对模型进行求解。优化结果表明,在不减少流域梯级水库群汛末蓄水效益的前提下,与流域库群原规划方案相比,运用本文方法制定出的梯级水库群蓄水优化调度方案在不增加流域防洪风险的同时,可提高梯级水库群蓄水期蓄满度,减少弃水量,并增加发电等兴利效益。

To solve the competitive water storage problem of cascade reservoirs in the middle and up val ley of the Yangtze River at the end of flood season, an impounding strategy of cascade reservoirs, which combines the impounding principle and the method of discriminant value of K, is proposed for judging the impounding time and the order of each reservoir in the premise for ensuring the safety of flood control. Im pounding dispatch chart is drawn with impounding control lines of each reservoir which is got by simulating the flood regulating calculation for inflow at different frequencies in typical year. On this basis, a model of impounding dispatch based on the impounding dispatch chart in advance is developed. The proposed meth od can be obviously accelerated by using the electromagnetismlike mechanism globe optimization algorithm. Compared with the original design scheme, the result indicates that the optimal scheme can improve the fill storage degrees for the cascade reservoirs, reduce discard water and optimize the economical benefits of power generation and navigation without any increase in river flood risk.