姜夏抗运动病的提取工艺及其组方探讨

Optimization of extraction technology of Jiangxia formulation against motion sickness

目的:筛选与优化姜夏组方抗大鼠旋转刺激模型运动病的提取工艺。方法:采用大鼠旋转刺激模型,自身对照设计,以摄食高岭土的量作为判定大鼠发生运动病的指标。先筛选生姜根茎部位抗运动病的活性组分,然后采用正交设计L9(34),以提取时间(h),乙醇体积分数(%)和乙醇用量为影响因素,将固定处方量的生姜有效部位和不同提取工艺得到的半夏浸膏组方,以得膏率、麻黄碱含量、高岭土摄入量为指标,筛选姜夏组方抗运动病有效部位的提取工艺。结果:生姜精油是生姜根茎抗运动病的主要活性组分。姜夏组方的最佳提取工艺为,提取时间:2h,乙醇体积分数:70%(v/v,%)和乙醇的体积(mL)为半夏细粉量(g)的6倍。方差分析表明,乙醇体积分数显著影响半夏的得膏率(P<0.05),提取时间显著影响麻黄碱含量(P<0.05)。结论:姜夏组方抗运动病的主要活性组分是生姜精油和优化工艺得到的半夏浸膏。半夏浸膏中的麻黄碱含量对抗旋转刺激诱发的大鼠运动病有一定影响,其他组分或在大鼠旋转刺激模型运动病防治中起协同作用。

OBJECTIVE To screen and optimize the extraction technology of Jiangxia formulation against rat motion sickness induced by rotational stimulation. METHODS Kaolin consumption was taken as a behavior index of motion sickness in rat rota- tional stimulation model. Self-control experiments were firstly used to screen active extracts from ginger rhizome, then using orthogonal array design Lo （34） tO optimize extraction condition for effective extracts from pinelliae rhizome which were com- bined with ginger active constituents against motion sickness. Three influencing factors were as follows： extraction time （h）, ethanol concentration （%） and amount of ethanol. Jiangxia formulation was basically composed of quantitative ginger active constituent and pinelliae rhizome extracts obtained with different extraction process. Extraction yield, content of ephedrine in pinelliae rhizome extracts and kaolin consumption were investigated as valuation indexes to select the optimal extraction condi- tions for pinelliae rhizome. RESULTS Ginger essential oil was the active constituents against motion sickness. The optimal ex- traction condition was extraction time： 2 hours, ethanol concentration： 70% （v/v, %） and the volume of ethanol （mid was six times the weight of pinelliae rhizome （g）. Analysis of variance demonstrated that ethanol concentration had significant influence on pinelliae rhizome extraction yield （P^0. 05）, extraction time significantly influenced ephedrine content （P%0. 05）. CON- CLUSlON The active constituents of Jiangxia formulation are ginger oil and pinelliae rhizome extracts achieved by optimal ex- traction process. Ephedrine may play a part role in the efficiency of pinelliae rhizome extract against motion sickness, and other constituents may also contribute much against motion sickness induced by rotational stimulation in rats.