P2P流媒体系统激励机制设计与分析

Design and Anlysis of Incentive Mechanism for P2P-VOD Systems

在P2P系统中,由于大量自私节点的存在,导致系统中存在公共的悲剧和搭便车现象.如何使节点能够自发的共享自身所拥有的数据资源严重困扰着P2P系统.针对这一问题,提出一种基于博弈论的P2P视频点播激励机制.通过采用差分服务方式,引入贡献值这一概念来激励节点积极上传资源;并基于博弈论的知识对所提机制进行分析,证明所提机制存在纳什均衡并求解出该纳什均衡.模拟实验和相关数据分析表明,该策略能有效的激励节点上传视频数据,改进了P2P网络中的资源共享,从而最大化系统的效用.

Due to the existence of massive selfish nodes, free-riding and tragedy of common are serious in P2P-VOD systems. How to promote these selfish nodes to contribute their upload resources to the system and the other peers is a critical problem in P2P-VOD systems. In this paper, we design an incentive mechanism based on game theory to solve the above problem. From differential service model, the contribution value is introduced to incent nodes upload resources spontaneously; in the other hand, we proved that this mechanism exist a nash equality and find out the solution of the nash equality based on game theory. The simulation result and numerical analysis show that our mechanism can incent nodes to upload video data effectively. Furthermore, it can improve the overall resources sharing in the whole systems and maximize the system utility.