上海市青浦区老年人群慢性病及卫生资源利用分析

Analysis of non-communicable disease and utilization of health resources on elders in Qingpu district of Shanghai

目的对老年人进行老龄化情况调查,了解老年人群主要慢性病及卫生资源利用情况。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法,对1 881名常住居民进行家庭情况、社会人口学特征、主要健康状况、疾病影响因素、卫生资源利用和生活情况调查。结果共调查2 051人,其中老年人1 881人,男性907人(占48.20%),女性974人(占51.80%),性别比为0.93∶1。平均年龄(63.66±9.81)岁,随着年龄上升,慢性病患病率增高(P<0.01)。婚姻对慢性病患病有影响,婚姻美满者慢性病患病率低(P<0.01)。主要慢性病顺位次序为高血压、关节炎、慢性肺部疾病、白内障、糖尿病、心绞痛、哮喘、脑卒中、伤害以及抑郁。住院者1年总治疗费用为2 080 952.38元,平均费用10 400元/次,非住院及家庭内治疗年治疗费用为1 361 636.83元,平均花费364.07元/次。老年人的医疗支出约占全年平均收入的19.86%。结论人口老龄化和不合理生活方式导致慢性病发生增加,老年人治疗费用增加,为社会带来沉重负担,因此应有效遏制主要慢性病的蔓延。

Objective To investigate the aging status on elders, then know main non - communicable diseases and usage of health resources in Qingpu district. Methods 1 881 permanent residents aged over 50 years old were sampled by using multi - stage random sampling methods in Qingpu, then family condition, socio - demographic characteristic, health status and main risk factors, usage of health resources and hying information were investigated by face - to - face interview. Results 2 051 were investigated, among which 1 881 were elders, including male 907 and female 974,with the sexy ratio at 0. 93： 1. The mean age was （63.66 ±9. 81 ）years,and disease rate rise followed the age growth （P〈0. 01）. Marriage pay influence on disease and successful marriage can protect disease rate from growing （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The leading eight orders of chronic non - communicable diseases in Qingpu were hypertension, arthritis, chronic pulmonary disease, cataract, diabetes, angina, asthma, stroke, injury and depression. The annual direct medical cost of patient in hospital was 2 080 952. 38 Yuan, equaled to 10.4 thousand per time, while outpatient had the annual direct medical cost at 1 361 636. 83 Yuan and equaled to 364. 07 Yuan per time. Conclusion The chronic non - communicable disease occurrence arisen followed with the aging and unhealthy life style, then the cost of cure rose, which cost a high economic burden. We should control the prevalence of main chronic non - communicable diseases.