无锡市蠡园街道2010—2012年手足口病流行病学特征分析

Epidemiological features of HFMD in Liyuan street of Wuxi city in 2010-2012

目的探讨无锡市蠡园街道手足口病流行病学特征及影响因素,为预防控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法选择2010—2012年蠡园街道报告的手足口病共246例,查阅中国疾病监测信息报告管理系统及无锡市滨湖区统计年鉴,获得流行病报告资料及人口资料,采用描述性和分析性流行病学方法,分析手足口病发病的时间分布、性别分布、年龄分布及人群分布,并对重症病例进行实验室检查。计数资料采用χ2检验,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果蠡园街道手足口病发病高峰2010年为3-4月,2011为6-7月和11-12月,2012年发病高峰为5-7月。2010—2012年蠡园街道手足口病年均报告发病率男性为93.64/10万,女性为68.95/10万,比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.18,P<0.05);发病年龄主要集中在5岁以下,其中1～4岁年龄段发病最多,共报告220例,占5岁以下发病数的97.78%;散居儿童手足口占49.59%;幼托机构手足口病124例,占50.41%;散居儿童和托幼机构发病率比较,差异无统计学意义((χ2=0.016,P>0.05);共采集重症手足口病7例,其中EV71型阳性4例,CoxA16阳性1例,通用肠道病毒阴性2例。结论根据手足口病流行特征,有关部门应加强手足口病防控力度,重点对象为1～4岁儿童。

Objective To discuss the epidemiologic features and influencing factors of hand - foot - and - mouth disease （HFMD） in Liyuan street of Wuxi city in order to provide a scientific basis for HFMD control. Methods A total of 246 cases of HFMD were selected from the report of Liyuan street in 2010 - 2012. Disease surveillance information report management system of China and Wuxi City Statistical Yearbook were reviewed to obtain the data on epidemic report and involved population. Descriptive and analytical epidemiological methods were used to analyze the distribution of HFMD, gender, age, and involved population, and for severe cases, the laboratory was under examination. χ^2 test was used for count data, the result of P 〈 0.05 was considered to be significantly different. Results The incidence of HFMD reached its peak in March -April 2010, June - July and November - December 2011, and May - July 2012. The average annual incidence of HFMD was 93.64/100 000 in men and 68.95/100 000 in women in Liyuan street in 2010 - 2012, the difference was statistically significant （χ^2 =7.18 ,P 〈0, 05 ）. The incidence was mainly at less than 5 years of age, with the peak being at 1 to 4 years of age, a total 220 cases were reported, accounting for 97.78% of the involved children under the age of five years. 122 cases of HFMD occurred among scattered children, 122 cases in nurseries, and there was no significant difference in the incidence between them（χ^2 = 0. 016, P 〉 0. 05 ）. Severe cases of HFMD were collected, among which there were four EV71 - positive cases and one CoxA16 - positive case, and two cases of negative EV - U. Conclusions According to the epidemiological features of HFMD, the relevant departments should strengthen HFMD prevention and control, especially for children aged 1 to 4 years. Key words： HFMD; Distribution ; Gender; Age