汽油车尾气羰基化合物排放特征研究

Study on emission characteristics of carbonyl compounds from gasoline vehicles

为了研究在用汽油车实际道路尾气中羰基化合物的排放特征,基于车载排放测试技术,利用2,4-DNPH吸附管对北京市10辆不同排放标准的在用汽油车实际道路尾气排放进行采样测试,并应用高效液相色谱对排放的羰基化合物进行定量分析.结果表明,排放标准对测试汽油车尾气羰基化合物排放因子及组分均有明显影响,国Ⅰ前、国Ⅰ、国Ⅱ、国Ⅲ和国Ⅳ标准测试车辆羰基化合物排放因子分别为6.41、3.20、2.59、2.05和1.09mg·km-1.行驶工况对测试车辆的羰基化合物排放因子也有较大影响,热启动工况排放因子最高,热运行工况次之,快速路工况最低.

To study the emission characteristics of carbonyl compounds from in-use gasoline vehicles on roads, ten gasoline vehicles which meet different emission standards were tested on roads using an on-board carbonyl compounds sampling system with 2,4-DNPH cartridge. High performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was used to analyze carbonyl compounds quantitatively. The results show that the emission standard has significant effect on the emission factor and the profile of carbonyl compounds. The emission factor of carbonyl compounds is 6.41, 3.20, 2.59, 2.05, 1.09 mg·km ^-1 for vehicles from pre-China I to China IV technology, respectively. Driving patterns also have impact on the emission factor of carbonyl compounds. The operation mode of hot start is the highest, followed by hot running, and running on expressway is the lowest.