基于无线传感器网络的石油钻机设备远程监控系统的设计与实现

Design and Implementation of Remote Monitoring System for Oil Drilling Equipment Based on Wireless Sensor Network

针对目前石油钻井分布广、环境恶劣等特点和目前石油钻井参数记录仪器仪表相对落后的现状,设计实现了基于无线传感器网络的石油钻机实时监测系统,改善了现有钻机测量参数有线传输而导致的可移动性差,系统现场布置工作繁琐,施工周期长等缺点。文章详细介绍了系统的整体设计框架,包括选择具有丰富扩展接口的TQ2440开发板作为开发平台的硬件设计和采用eCos实时操作系统满足实时性要求的软件设计。在完成了包括串口、FLASH、网卡和Wi-Fi驱动的移植基础上,将OL-SR路由协议移植到eCos系统作为数据的无线传输路由协议。通过部署AdHoc网络模式的节点进行测试,系统实现了数据采集和无线传输功能,取得较好的应用效果。该系统通过扩展可以满足大多数诸如煤矿、石油、天然气等无人值守工作环境下的远程监测需求。

In connection with the bad maintenance conditions of oil well drilling equipment in China, we design and implement a remote monitoring system based on wireless sensor network; in this way, we avoid the disadvantages such as low removability and expansibility, and the complexity of layout circuitry. Firstly, the overall system design framework is introduced, followed by the hardware and software design respectively. This system focuses on the node expansibility, taking as the base hardware platform, which is rich in interfaces. On the other hand, eCos is adopted to provide the real-time performance. After the drives＇ implementation on eCos, which con- tains serial, flash, Ethernet and Wi-Fi, OLSR routing protocol is ported to eCos as system route used in the data transmission course. Ultimately, nodes are deployed in wireless ad hoe networks for test, which proved that the wireless data acquisition and wireless data transfer are both implementable and results are satisfactory. It is believed that the nodes realize a prototype which can be used in most of the remote monitoring scenarios under the working environment of coal, oil or natural gas.