尾矿库排水系统急流交汇区水流控导试验研究

Experimental Research on Flow Controlled in Rapids Intersection Area of Drainage System of Tailings Pond

基于某尾矿库模型试验研究,发现排水系统主、支洞交汇区水流衔接流态恶劣、旋滚强烈,影响干支洞的过流能力;亟需改善交汇区流态,保证排水系统在泄洪时的安全稳定。结合工程实际,经多次试验研究,在支洞设置导流楔体以缓解支洞出口水面横比降大、动量分布不均的问题;在主洞设置压浪板、稳流池以改善交汇区水流紊乱、急流折冲的现象。将两类措施综合,提出了交汇区急流控导的稳流装置与交汇区优化体型。试验结果表明,改善后的急流交汇区进、出口水面横比降降低、顶冲水流得到有效控制、流态相对稳定,满足安全泄洪要求,已经被工程采用并有很好的推广应用前景。

Based on the model test of a railings pond, this paper finds strongly flow turbulence and poorly flow pattern in the intersection area of main branch tunnel, which affects the flow capacity,. The flow pattern of intersection area should be urgently improved to ensure the security and stability of the drainage in releasing floodwater. After numerous experiments and combine based on engi- neering practice,a deflector wedge is set in the branch tunnel to alleviate the problem which is large transverse slope of water surface and uneven distribution of momentum at the exit of the branch tunnel. Wave inhibited plank and steady flow pool are set in the main tunnel to improve disordered flow in the intersection area. The two types of measures integrated and the device of rapids controlled and optimized body in the intersection area are proposed. Experimental verification shows that transverse slope of water surface de- creases both in entrance and exit of the rapids intersection area; rushing water is effectively controlled. Flow pattern is relatively sta- ble and satisfies the requirement of releasing floodwater. The device is adopted in projects and has a very good application prospect.