不同阶段高血压性脑卒中患者健康知识及行为的比较

Health knowledge and behaviors among hypertensive stroke patients in different stages

目的比较不同阶段高血压性脑卒中患者健康知识及行为水平的差异。方法采用方便抽样法,使用脑卒中健康知识问卷及健康促进生活方式量表Ⅱ(HPLPⅡ)调查广州市两所三级甲等医院336例不同阶段的高血压性脑卒中患者,包括首发脑卒中住院组112例、首发脑卒中门诊组115例和复发脑卒中门诊组109例。结果各组健康知识总分界于61.43～63.12分,饮食知识得分均最高,得分最低的主要是卒中先兆知识。各组HPLPⅡ总分界于2.22～2.59分。首发脑卒中住院患者入院前的健康行为水平普遍低于其他组,该组得分最低的维度是健康责任,其次是运动锻炼,其补充条目中"卒中先兆观察"得分最低。结论各阶段高血压性脑卒中患者健康知识及行为均不容乐观,高血压患者发生脑卒中后相关健康教育的效果有待加强。卒中预防知识缺乏、健康责任感低、缺乏运动是高血压患者发生脑卒中的重要因素,在脑卒中一级及二级预防健康教育中应引起关注。

Objective To compare the level of health knowledge and behaviors among hypertensive stroke patients in different stages. Methods A convenience sample of 336 hypertensive stroke patients in different stages were investigated with the Stroke Knowledge Questionnaire（SKQ） and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile Ⅱ （HPLP Ⅱ ）. Results Participants showed relatively low stroke knowledge and a moderate level of health behaviors. Most of patients lacked the knowledge of stroke warning symptoms. Hypertensive patients before their first stroke attack showed the lowest level of health behaviors,especially in health responsibility and physical activity. Conclusions Stroke education efforts should be targeted at hypertensive patients who have less stroke-prevention knowledge,with low health responsibility,and who lack physical activities.