125例尿路感染患儿行气囊导尿管导尿的问题分析及对策

Analysis and countermeasure to the clinical problems in 125 children with urinary infections treated by balloon catheterization

总结125例尿路感染患儿使用气囊导尿管导尿操作中出现的临床问题及护理对策。125例首次导尿成功104例;21例患儿导尿管插入不畅,经相应处理后17例再次导尿成功,4例导尿失败;尿道外口暴露不明显58例;插管时导尿管内未见尿液排出,不能准确判断导尿管气囊部位是否已完全进入膀胱39例;尿道出血5例;拔管困难4例;误入阴道3例;导尿管自行脱出1例。临床护士掌握患儿尿道解剖生理特点和气囊导尿管结构、使用注意事项,选择合适导尿管,规范气囊导尿管临床应用技术,掌握患儿导尿技巧,能有效提高患儿导尿成功率,减少患儿气囊导尿管导尿过程中各种临床问题的发生。

This paper summarizes the clinical problems and countermeasures in 125 pediatric patients with urinary infections treated by balloon catheterization. Among the 125 pediatric patients,104 cases succeeded at the first time catheterization,17 cases succeeded after proper treatment among the other 21 cases,and g cases failed. The clinical problems included insuffi- cient exposure of external urethral orifice（n=58）,invisible urine（n=39）,urethral bleeding（n--g）,difficulty in removal of the catheter（n=4）,misled into vagina（n=3）,and unintended extubation（n=l）. In order to increase the success rate of catheter- ization and prevent various problems,nurses should know the anatomic and physiological features of children urethra,the structure and considerations of balloon catheter,choose proper size of catheter,standardize the practice of catheterization,and master the skills of catheteri-zation for children.