萧伯纳戏剧的“讨论”艺术研究

On Dramatic Discussions in Shavian Drama of Ideas

人物之间围绕特定话题展开讨论,是萧伯纳戏剧的常态,也是其剧情发展的基本动力。其戏剧的讨论艺术,受益于易卜生,是在对英国新戏剧的倡导和反思中发展起来的。剧中讨论的都是公众熟视无睹、却又意义重大的社会问题;讨论的展开,遵循的是"正题—反题—合题"的辩证法模式。具有浓郁喜剧色彩的人物、情节和语言,为其充满辩证逻辑的讨论提供了独特的助力。在讨论基础上形成的萧式观念剧,为英国戏剧的发展开辟了一条新路,也为欧洲戏剧的现代转型提供了巨大的动能。

Bernard Shaw＇s plays always involve logical discussions on some specific issues by the characters, which is also the primary dramatic drive to the plots. Inspired by Henrik Ibsen, encouraged by the New Drama Movement, Bernard Shaw develops his own techniques of discussion. Besides taking his contemporary social issues as the focus of discussion, he chooses the dialectic pattern of three-part process ＂thesis-antithesis-synthesis＂ to keep the intense discussion more effective. Various comedic approaches used in his plays skillfully prevent him from the censorship, guarantee his free expression on different issues and expose the truth in a humorous way, which is very helpful to inspire and educate the audience and the reader. Shavian Drama of Ideas which is based on various discussions explores a new approach for British Drama and is a driving power for the transformation of European Drama from traditional drama to modem one.