颠覆与杂糅:哈格德笔下的母权空间

Subversion and Hybridity: On H. Rider Haggard’s Matriarchy Space

19世纪的历险小说家哈格德在《她》与《艾莎归来》中塑造了一个母权空间。他在这里颠覆了男权中心,由此嘲笑了西方中心论和理性主义,而这三点几乎构成了当时西方主流文化的一切。这最主要是受到当时神秘主义思潮兴盛的巨大影响,这也是该系列小说被当时读者广泛接受的重要原因。由此我们能够更清醒地认识到文化生产的杂糅性:从宏观意义上说,哈格德小说中母权空间的出现本身就是西方文化杂糅的一种体现;从微观意义上说,这个空间本身的文化也是杂糅的,哈格德对空间象征物艾莎的矛盾描绘就是例证。

In his best-selling novels--She and Ayesha, Haggard creates a matriarchy space. By subverting the patriarchy-centered culture, he ridicules Western centrism and rationalism, which almost constitute the Western mainstream culture. This is mainly because of the rise of mysticism, which is an important reason why Ayesha series novels has been widely accepted by the reader. Thus, we can more clearly recognize the hybridity of cultural production--both in the culture and gender. From a macro sense, the appearance of the matriarchy space is a reflection of the hybridity of Western culture; from a microscopic sense, the matriarchy space is hybrid too. It is strong proof for Haggard＇s ambivalent attitude to Ayesha.