欧洲小剧场运动的现代性质及其对美、中现代戏剧的影响

The Modern Character of European “Little Theatre” and Its Influence on American and Chinese Modern Drama

在世界戏剧发展史上,19世纪末20世纪初的欧洲小剧场运动在戏剧由传统转向现代过程中起着承前启后的历史作用。它不仅被公认是欧洲现代戏剧的真正开端,而且对北美大陆的美国以及东方的日本、中国的现代戏剧的发生、发展,同样起到了至关重要的影响作用。在20世纪中国现代戏剧与外来戏剧的影响关系中,除了学界已经指出的日本"新剧"的影响之外,还应包括欧美现代戏剧对于中国现代戏剧的影响,这凸显了中国现代戏剧所受欧美、日本现代戏剧影响的多元性和复杂性。

The European little theatre, which appeared at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, has played a significant role in the transition of world drama history from traditional to modem model. As is well known, European little theater is the real beginning of European modem drama and also has a great influence on the birth and development of American, Japanese and Chinese modem drama. Not only Japanese ＂modem drama＂, but also European and American modem dramas have influences on Chinese modem drama, showing the diversity and complexity of the relationship between Chinese and Japanese, Chinese and European-American modem drama.