澳门翼手类物种多样性调查

A recent survey of bat diversity (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in Macao

2009～2012年,对澳门翼手目(蝙蝠)物种多样性进行了调查。结果共捕捉到10个物种,属5科8属,其中包括澳门原来记载的2个物种,即蹄蝠科的大蹄蝠(Hipposideros armiger)和蝙蝠科的东亚伏翼(Pipistrellus abramus);本研究新增加8个物种,即狐蝠科的犬蝠(Cynopterus sphinx)和棕果蝠(Rousettus leschenaulti),鞘尾蝠科的黑髯墓蝠(Taphozous melanopogon),菊头蝠科的菲菊头蝠(Rhinolophus pusillus),以及蝙蝠科的大足鼠耳蝠(Myotis ricketti)、普通伏翼(P.pipistrellus)、普通长翼蝠(Miniopterus schreibersi)和南长翼蝠(M.pusil-lus)。另外,通过野外录音和分析,并与已发表物种声音特征比较核对,发现菊头蝠科和蹄蝠科各一种,前者可能是泰国菊头蝠(R.siamensis)或者中菊头蝠(R.affinis),后者可能是果树蹄蝠(H.pomona)或者三叶蹄蝠(Aselliscus stoliczkanus)。本文对已捕捉10种蝙蝠的分布、形态特征和回声定位叫声特征进行报道,同时对其种群数量和保护现状进行了讨论。保护蝙蝠栖息生境(洞穴、古老建筑和蒲葵树等)对保护澳门蝙蝠物种多样性至关重要。

Surveys to investigate bat species diversity were conducted in Macao from 2009 to 2012. Results indicated that at least 10 bat species belonging to eight genera from five families were identified. Of the 10 species, Hipposideros armiger （Hipposideridae） and Pipistrellus abramus （Vespertilionidae） were previously recorded in Macao, while eight species were newly recorded for Macao from the present study. The new bats were Cynopterus sphinx and Rousettus leschenaulti （ Pteropi- dae）, Taphozous melanopogon （Emballonuridae） , Rhinolophus pusiUus （Rhinolophidae） , Myotis ricketti, P. pipistrellus, Miniopterus schreibersi, and M. pusillus （Vespertilionidae）. In addition, using ultrasound survey methods and comparing results with published data on echolocation calls, we also recorded and identified one Rhinolophus species and one Hippo- sideros species, the former possibly representing R. siamensis or R. affinis, and the latter H. pomona or Aselliscus stolicz- kanus. The present work also reports data on distribution range, morphological characteristics and echolocation calls of all 10 captured bat species, as well as a discussion of population size and conservation status in these species. It is important to protect roost habitats （including caves, old buildings and Chinese fan-palm） in order to conserve bat species diversity in iacau.