山豆根急性毒性实验研究

Study on Acute Toxicity of Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis

目的比较山豆根全组分、水提组分、醇提组分对小鼠的急性毒性,为山豆根的临床安全使用提供实验依据。方法采用经典的急性毒性实验方法测定山豆根全组分的最大耐受量(MTD)及水提组分、醇提组分的小鼠口服半数致死量(LD50),观察其急性毒性症状,记录累积死亡数及小鼠体重变化。结果山豆根全组分的MTD为36 g.kg-1,相当于人临床日用量(0.1 g.kg-1)的360倍。水提组分、醇提组分的小鼠口服LD50(95%可信限)分别为47.474(39.565～56.871)g.kg-1、29.834(28.185～31.835)g.kg-1,主要毒性症状是闭眼、精神倦怠、呼吸急促、竖毛。结论山豆根不同组分急性毒性大小顺序依次是醇提组分﹥水提组分﹥全组分。

Objective Compare the acute toxicity of different components of Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis and to provide experimental data for safe use in clinal. Methods Different components of Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis were administrated to NIH mice.The MTD of all-components and the LD50 of water extract,alcohol extract of Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis were tested by the classical methods of acute toxicity.The acute toxic symptoms were observed;the accumulated death number and the weight-changes of live mice were recorded. Results The MTD of all-components of Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis was 36g·kg-1.The LD50(95% confidence interval)of water extract,alcohol extract of Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis were 47.474(39.565~56.871)g·kg-1,29.834(28.185~31.835)g·kg-1 in mice.Eyes closed,Mental fatigue,Shortness of breath and piloerection were the main acute tixical symptoms. Conclusion The size order of acute toxicity of different components in Radix et Rhizome Sophorae Tonkinensis is alcohol extract﹥water extract﹥all-components.