诠释及发展:毛泽东与严复教育方法论比较研究

Interpretation and Development:Comparative Study on Education Methodology of MAO Ze-dong and YAN Fu

严复将西方先进的教育理念与中国近代教育实际相结合,首次提出要把科学的教育方法论(即经验论和归纳法)运用于教育领域,从而为构建中国近代学校教育方法体系打下了思想基础。毛泽东在此基础上,结合马列主义教育与劳动相结合的基本原理,建立健全了我国社会主义教学方法论。在实证教学方面,严复主张批判旧学,改良教学方法;毛泽东则主张改造旧教育,学习与劳动相结合。在启发诱导式教学方面,严复主张反对"八股"程式,使人"渝其天明";毛泽东则是反对填鸭式教学,其目的是最终促进人的全面发展。

YAN Fu combined the western advanced education idea with the modern Chinese education practice, firstly put forward the scientific method of education theory that are the empiricism and the inductive method to applying in the field of education, and build the school education method system in modern China that relatively complete and well-bedded structured. On this basis, combined with the basic principles of Marxism education and labor combination, MAO Ze-dong established and improved the teaching method of socialism theory in china. In the empirical teaching aspect, YAN Fu advocated critical studies, improved teaching methods; MAO Ze-dong advocated reforming the old education, carry out learning and labor combination. In the heuristic teaching, YAN Fu argued against the ＂eight-part essay＂ program, make the person well known; ＂MAO Ze-dong＂ against the cramming method of teaching, and its purpose is to promote the all-round development of the DeoDIe.