香港中学生滥用药物：危险因子、保护因子与抗逆力

Drug Abuse among Secondary Students in Hong Kong: Interactions between Risk Factors, Protective Factors and Resilience

在探讨香港中学生的滥用药物情况时考虑其与危险因子及保护因子的相互关系,学生的抗逆力,对危险因子及保护因子的相互作用至关重要。实证研究发现,价值观及自我效能均对滥用药物有显著的负相关;家庭、学校及朋辈等支持因子对滥用药物有显著的负相关,尤以学校支持的负相关最为显著;答题者的心身焦虑症状、朋辈影响及学习压力等危险因子均对滥用药物有显着的正相关,尤以朋辈影响的相关性最为显著。整体来说,危险因子与滥用药物在加入价值观和自我效能等变项后,有轻微的正面力量,有助减少中学生滥用药物。

The purpose of this study is to investigate the phenomena of drug abuse in relations to risk factors, protective factors and resilience among secondary students in Hong Kong. This study is based on the Hong Kong Youth Health Behaviors Survey, which was a self-administered web-based survey carried out in May-July, 2010. The survey was targeted at two cohort of students, 14 years old （secondary 2） and 16 years old （secondary 4）, within the Hong Kong public school system. A total of 31 secondary schools participated in the study and 2,084 secondary 2 and 1,466 secondary 4 students completed the survey. This study employs structural equation modeling to analyze the data. Major findings are as follows. First, resilient factors, namely,values and self-efficacy, both contribute negatively to drug abuse. Second, protective factors, namely, parental, school and peer support factors contribute negatively to drug abuse, and the school support factor is particularly prominent. Third, risk factors, namely, psychosomatic symptoms, study stress and peer influence, all contribute positive to drug abuse, and the peer influence is particularly influential. Finally, values as a resilient factor mediate the contribution of risk factors and protective factors on drug abuse.