段木银耳不同栽培模式比较试验

The Comparative Experiment of Different Wood Log Cultivation Models on Tremella fuciformis

通过段木银耳25 cm短段木立地式栽培、50 cm中段木覆瓦式栽培2种创新栽培模式与传统100 cm长段木斜架式栽培模式的比较,试验结果表明,段木银耳2种创新栽培模式均较传统栽培模式劳动强度降低,产量极显著高于传统栽培模式,单产增幅高达140%左右,且有利于安全度过出耳期夏季高温伏旱季,但2种创新栽培模式之间表现差异并不显著。总体来讲,在3种栽培模式中,段木长度越短,其劳动强度越低、技术管理难度越小、单产越高,向短段栽培方向发展是段木银耳生产的有效途径和必然方向,对于适应日益复杂的气候变化和当前农村留守劳动力老弱结构变化具有重要的现实意义。2种段木银耳创新栽培模式均具有较高的推广应用价值,而传统长段木栽培单产低、劳动强度大、出耳管理技术难度大,应属于淘汰技术。

Two innovative cultivation models （site type cultivation of Tremella fuciformis on 25 cm short wood log and cover tile type cultivation on 50 cm moderate length wood log） were compared with the traditional cultivation model （ramp frame cultivation on 100 cm long wood log） in this paper. The results showed that the two innovative cultivation models could reduce labor intensity and increase the yield of Tremellafuciformis significantly （ 140% ） compared with the traditional cultivation model. Otherwise, the two innovative cultivation models could assist the Tremellafuciformis to get through the high temperature and summer drought safely, but the difference between the two innovative cultivations models was not significant. In general, the shorter wood log had an advance of the lower labor intensity, the smaller technical managing difficulty, the higher yields among the three cultivation models. To develop short wood log cultivation model was an effective way and inevitable direction of wood log for Tremellafuciformis production. It had an important role in adapting to the increasing complex climate change and the left behind labor force structure change. The two innovative wood log cultivation models possessed a good application value, and the traditional cultivation model should belong to the phase-out technology because of the lower yields, higher labor intensity and bigger technical managing difficulty.