上海市徐汇区学生水痘疫苗接种及其保护效果分析

Coverage and protective effects of varicella vaccination for students in Xuhui District of Shanghai

目的了解上海市徐汇区托幼儿童、中小学校学生水痘疫苗接种状况及其保护效果,为集体机构水痘防控工作提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,在徐汇区13个街道以班级为单位对2 795名学生家长进行问卷调查。结果徐汇区2010—2011学年托幼儿童、中小学校学生水痘疫苗总接种率为78.35%,水痘总患病率为13.07%。水痘疫苗总保护率为85.90(95%CI为82.08%～88.91%)。水痘疫苗对3～17岁学生均有保护作用,疫苗接种率和保护率之间呈线性正相关(r=0.804,P<0.01)。结论托幼儿童、中小学校学生接种水痘疫苗可有效防制水痘发生。

Objective To understand the coverage and protective effects of varicella vaccination among the students in Xu- hui district of Shanghai during the 2010-2011 school year, and to provide basic references for prevention of varieella in schools. Methods A total of 2 795 parents of students from 13 street communities in Xuhui district of Shanghai were selected with a multi- stage randomized cluster sampling method. Varicella vaccination and varicella history were collected and analyzed to estimate the vaccine protective efficacy. Results The overall immunization rate of varicella vaccine was 78.35% and the prevalence of varicel- la was 13.07%. The protective efficacy of varieella vaccination was 85.90% （ 95% CI：82.08% -88.91% ） in the students aged from 3 to 17 years. There was a positive linear relation between protective efficacy and immunization rate（ r=0. 804,P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion The varicella vaccination could protect aganist varicella effectively among students in kindergardens, primary and ju- nir schools in Shanghai.