哺乳动物体细胞重编程机制的研究进展

Progresses on Mechanisms on Reprogramming of Somatic Cells in Mammals

体细胞重编程面临的进程缓慢和效率低下等问题,限制了其向临床应用的转化,该过程涉及细胞内基因表达的变化,认识和调控DNA的表观修饰是成功重编程的关键。本文对体细胞重编程过程中基因表达的表观影响以及去分化和转分化的表观控制进行了阐述,并综述了通过表观遗传修饰或信号转导途径增强重编程效率或替代特殊重编程转录因子的物质,不仅有利于阐明体细胞重编程的机制,也为仅采用化学物质即可诱导出多能干细胞的研究提供参考。

The slow and inefficient of reprogramming of somatic cells in mammals imposes limitations to mechanistic studies and potential clinical translation. The reprogramming progress involves the changes of cellular genes expression, understanding and controlling epigenetic modification is the key to successful reprogramming. Here, we reviewed progresses on epigenetie influences on gene expression, epigenetie control in dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation, the usage of chemical inhibitors and signaling molecules that could either enhance reprogramming efficiency or replace core reprogramming factors in order to benefit the elucidation of reprogramming of somatic cells and provide reference for the formation of pluripotent stem cells induced from differentiated somatic cells with only chemicals.