天津市三甲综合医院女护士抑郁障碍的检出率及相关因素分析

The prevalence and correlation of depressive disorders among female nurses of 3A-level general hospitals in Tianjin

目的调查天津市三甲综合医院女护士抑郁障碍的检出率及相关因素。方法随机抽取天津市5所综合医院的793名女护士进行简明国际神经精神访谈中文版抑郁章节（包括重性抑郁障碍和心境恶劣诊断）访谈，同时对象自评完成一般隋况问卷和付出-回报失衡（Era）问卷，对调查结果进行分析。结果护士抑郁障碍的检出率（95％CI）为8．58％（6．63％，10．52％），其中心境恶劣的患病率为7．94％；护士抑郁障碍的危险因素（DR）为轮班制工作岗位（4．40）、护师职称（2．03）；ERI问卷付出分〉18分（6．03）和回报分≤34分（5．26）。结论三甲医院女护士抑郁障碍患病风险高，罹患抑郁亚型以心境恶劣为主；不良的职业特征和职业紧张因素可能增加了护士抑郁障碍的发病风险。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and correlation of depressive disorders among female nurses of 3A-level general hospitals in Tianjin. Methods Seven-hundred and ninety-three female nurses were randomly selected from five 3A-level general hospitals in Tianjin, and interviewed with a Chi- nese version of Mini International Neuropsyehiatric Interview （depression chapter, including major depres- sive disorder and dysthymia diagnosis）. Effort-Reward Imbalance （ERI） questionnaire was also completed by all subjects before interview. Results The prevalence rate（95%Cl） of depressive disorders was 8.58% （6.63%,10.52%）, in which, the rate for dysthymia was 7.94%. Risk factors （OR） for depressive disorders of nurses were shift work （4.40）, professional titles of nurses （2.03）, effort subscale score 〉18 points （6.03） and reward subscale score ≤34 points（5.26）. Conclusions Female nurses from 3A-level general hospi- tals have high risk of depressive disorders-dominantly presented with dysthymia subtype. Adverse occupa- tional factors and job stress might increase the risk for depressive disorders.