我国商业银行存款利率浮动幅度影响因素实证研究——基于全国124家银行的数据

Empirical Study on the Influencing Factors of the Floating Range of Banks’ Deposit Rates——Based on the Data of 124 Commercial Banks in China

自2012年6月8日起,中国人民银行首次将金融机构存款利率浮动上限调整为基准利率的1.1倍,标志着我国利率市场化改革又迈出了重要的一步。本文从银行特征和市场环境两个方面实证研究影响我国商业银行存款利率浮动幅度的因素。研究结果表明:(1)不同规模、不同所有制结构的银行有不同的存款定价策略;(2)全国性银行和资产规模较大的地方性银行具有定价优势;(3)存款利率浮动幅度与银行中间业务收入占比、盈利能力、不良贷款占比负相关;(4)地方性银行存款利率浮动幅度还与市场份额、市场规模负相关,而与市场集中度无关。本文对进一步推进我国利率市场化改革以及完善商业银行存款利率定价机制具有十分重要的借鉴意义。

This paper empirically examines the effects of bank-specific factors and banking market conditions on the floating range of deposit rates of banks. With the data of 124 commercial banks in China as a sample, we find that nationwide banks and large local banks offer lower deposit rates than their counterparts, and the floating range of deposit rates of banks is inversely related to intermediate income ratio, return on equity and non-performing loan ratio. When looking at local banks, the results show negative relationship between the floating range of deposit rates and the bank＇s market share. However, the local market concentration is less relevant in explaining the deposit pricing behavior of local banks. There is also evidence that local banks pay low deposit rates in markets with large market size. All these findings make a contribution both to understanding how banking deposit rates are set and to promoting further reform towards market-based interest rates.