中国农户可持续生计研究进展及趋向

Research progress and tendency of sustainable livelihoods for peasant household in China

开展农户可持续生计研究,对于解决农村贫困问题,促进农村社会经济可持续发展具有重要意义。在查阅大量相关文献的基础上,本文首先阐述了可持续生计的概念,并对国外农户可持续生计研究概况进行了简介;然后从生计资产(资本)研究、生计脆弱性分析、生计策略研究、政策、机构和过程对农户生计影响研究、农户生计与生态环境的相互关系研究等5个方面对近年来国内农户生计的主要研究进展进行了归纳总结。最后,提出了中国农户可持续生计研究的主要趋向:跨学科综合性、系统性研究,新技术方法的综合与动态研究,农户可持续生计与贫困问题研究,城乡转型期农户可持续生计研究,重点区域的农户可持续生计研究。

Carrying on the research of sustainable livelihoods for peasant household has great significance to eliminating poverty and promoting the social and economic sustainable development in rural areas. Based on consulting extensive related literature, this paper elaborates the definition of sustainable livelihoods firstly and briefly describes foreign research progress of it. Then, the research progress of sustainable livelihoods for peasant household in China is summarized from the research contents, research technologies and methodologies. The summary of recent research achievements concerns five topics： （1） research on livelihood assets; （2） research on livelihood strategies; （3） research on livelihood vulnerability; （4） research on transforming structures and processes of the institutions, organizations, policies and legislation; and （5） research on the interrelation between the livelihood of peasant household and the ecological environment. Finally, on the basis of analyzing the domestic research progress of sustainable livelihoods for peasant household above, this paper argues that the main trends of Chinese future research on sustainable livelihoods for peasant household should be as follows： （1） interdisciplinary, integrated and systematic research on sustainable livelihoods for peasant household; （2） integrated research using new technologies and dynamic research; （3） research on the sustainable livelihoods for peasant household and poverty; （4） research on the sustainable livelihoods for peasant household under the new situation of rural-urban transformation in China; and （5） research on the sustainable livelihoods for peasant household in the key areas.