地区主义的生成、进化与困境——基于欧洲与东亚的历史经验分析

The Emergence,Evolution and Dilemmas of Regionalism——Based on the European and East Asian Historical Experience

地区主义的兴起是"二战"后重要的国际政治现象。在"冷战"的两极格局背景下,欧洲国家探索在本地区实现经济与政治一体化,以消除内部战争和实现欧洲复兴,欧洲一体化的实践成为地区主义的典范。在欧洲以外,其他地区也进行着不同形式的地区主义实践。发端于东南亚区域合作的东亚地区主义,在"冷战"结束后快速发展,表现为一种与欧洲模式不同的地区主义。欧洲地区主义与东亚地区主义实践的历史经验表明,超越国界限制的利益诉求是地区主义生成与发展的内在动力,而当前地区主义所面临的困境则与民族主义等深层次原因有关系。

The emergence of regionalism was an important international political phenomenon after World War II. In the two-pole pattern under the cold war background, the European countries sought for an integration of regional economy and politics in order to eliminate the internal wars and realize the European Renaissance. Consequently, the European integration has become a paradigm of regionalism. Apart from Europe, there are different forms of regionalism in other areas and East Asian regionalism, another mode of regionalism, originated from the regional cooperation of Southeast Asia, and has developed rapidly since the end of the cold war. The historical experience of European regionalism and East Asian regionalism indicates that the built-in incentive for the emergence and evolution of regionalism is the interests beyond national boundaries, and the current dilemmas of regionalism are related to such underlying reasons as nationalism.