摘要
为了研究水氮耦合对于小桐子生长和灌溉水利用效率的影响,采用3个供水水平(W1,15.3mm;W2,25.5mm;W3,40.7mm)和3个施氮水平(N1,0g·kg-1;N2,0.3g·kg-1;N3,0.6g·kg-1)进行盆栽实验。结果表明:与W3相比,W1和W2处理的株高、茎粗、叶面积和总干物质量分别降低了61%和34%、57%和35%、46%和32%、49%和35%,根冠比在W2处理时达到最大值;对不同氮素处理,株高和叶面积最大值均出现在N2处理,而茎粗和根冠比则随着施氮量的增加而减小;与W3N3相比,W2N2处理节省灌溉用水38%,节约氮肥施用量50%,其株高、茎粗和总干物质量分别减少了12%、21%和12%,根冠比和叶面积分别显著增加了48%和16%,灌水后第2天、第3天和第4天的蒸腾量分别显著降低21%、15%和12%,从而使灌溉水利用效率提高了40%。
A pot experiment was conducted to study the coupling effects of watering and nitrogen fertilization on the growth and irrigation water use efficiency (WUEi) of Jatropha curcas. Three watering levels (W1 , 15.3 mm; W2, 25.5 mm; W3,40.7 ram) and three nitrogen fertilization levels ( N1, 0g·kg^-1 ; N2,0.3 g·kg^-1 ; N3, 0.6 g·kg^-1 ) were designed. As compared with those in treatment W3 , the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and total dry mass in treat- ments W1 and W2 decreased significantly by 61% and 54%, 57% and 55%, 46% and 52%, and 49% and 35%, respectively, and the root-shoot ratio in treatment W2 reached the maxi- mum. In nitrogen fertilization treatments, the maximum values of plant height and leaf area ap- peared in treatment N2, but the stem diameter and root-shoot ratio decreased with the increasing nitrogen fertilization level. As compared to treatment W3 N3, treatment W2 N2 (which saved the ir- rigation water and nitrogen fertilizer by 38% and 50%, respectively) decreased the plant height, stem diameter, and total dry mass by 12%, 21%, and 12%, and increased the root-shoot ratio and leaf area significantly by 48% and 16%, respectively, and decreased the transpiration sig- nificantly by 21%, 15% and 12% at the days 2, 3, and 4 after watering, respectively, leading to the WUEi of J. curcas increased significantly by 40%.
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第5期1175-1180,共6页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51009073和51109012)
水利部公益项目(201101042)
云南省应用基础研究面上项目(2010ZC042和2010ZC043)
昆明理工大学分析测试基金项目(2010293)资助
关键词
限量灌溉
施氮
小桐子
形态特征
灌溉水利用效率
limited irrigation
nitrogen fertilization
Jatropha curcas
morphological characteris-tics
irrigation water use efficiency.