广州市水生态系统服务价值

Value evaluation of aquatic ecosystem services in Guangzhou, South China

根据2005—2010年广州市水文水质资料以及相关统计资料,运用市场价值法、替代工程法等方法,对广州市水生态系统服务功能及其价值进行了评价。结果表明:2005—2010年,广州市水生态系统服务价值分别为749.64×108、878.60×108、711.98×108、879.07×108、699.62×108和848.67×108元·a-1,呈现"升高—降低—升高"的交替变化趋势;各类型水生态服务价值所占比例在年际间变化不大,总体表现为蓄水>水供给>水产品>旅游>调节洪水>水质净化>水力发电>航运>输沙;研究期间,广州市水生态系统服务总价值占当年GDP的比重分别为14.54%、14.47%、9.97%、10.61%、7.66%、7.90%,远高于中国水生态系统服务总价值占全国GDP的比重;广州市年水生态系统服务价值与年水资源总量的年际变化趋势密切相关(r=0.973,P=0.001),但与GDP无明显的相关性(r=-0.119,P=0.843)。

Based on the hydrological, water quality, and other associated statistic data in 2005- 2010, and by using different approaches such as marketing valuation and alternative engineering method, this paper evaluated the functions and values of aquatic ecosystem services in Guangzhou City of South China. During the study period, the aquatic ecosystem services value in Guangzhou presented an ＂ increasing-decreasing-increasing＂ trend, being 749. 64 ×10^8, 878. 60 ×10^8, 711.98×10^8, 879.07×10^8, 699.62×10^8, and 848.67×10^8 Yuan · a^-1 in 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, and 2010, respectively. The proportion of each kind functional service value to the total services value changed slightly over the years, and the contribution of each kind functional service value was in the order of water storage 〉 water supply 〉 aquatic products 〉 tourism 〉 flood control 〉 water purification 〉 hydro-power 〉 transportation 〉 sand transport. The ratio of the aquatic ecosystem services value to the GDP in the same years was 14.54%, 14.47%, 9.97%, 10. 61%, 7.66%, and 7.90%, respectively, which greatly surpassed the ratio of the China＇ s aquatic ecosystem services to the national GDP. The yearly total aquatic ecosystem serv- ices value had a significant correlation （ r = 0.973, P = 0. 001 ） with the yearly total amount of water resources, but less correlation （r=-0. 119, P=0.843） with the GDP in Guangzhou.