老年脑血管病住院患者营养风险筛查的临床研究

Nutritional risk screening in elderly cerebrovascular disease patients

目的采用营养风险筛查(NRS2002)法评价老年脑血管病住院患者的营养状况。方法选择我院年龄≥65岁的321例脑血管病患者,脑梗死201例,脑出血18例,其他脑血管病102例。以年龄分为低年龄组(65～74岁)152例,中年龄组(75～84岁)139例,高年龄组(≥85岁)30例。采用NRS2002进行营养评价,使用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)进行评分,采用横断面研究,比较分析不同脑血管病分类、不同年龄组及不同NIHSS评分患者的营养状态。结果患者营养风险发生率为70.4%,脑梗死和脑出血患者的营养状态明显低于其他脑血管病患者(P<0.01)。与低年龄组比较,中年龄组和高年龄组营养风险发生率明显升高(P<0.01),NIHSS评分>8分者营养状况低于NIHSS≤8分者(P<0.01)。结论 NRS2002评定老年脑血管病住院患者营养风险发生率高,尤其高龄、脑卒中和神经功能缺损严重患者,对老年脑血管病住院患者应进行早期NRS2002和有效的干预措施。

Objective To assess the nutrition in elderly cerebrovascular disease patients according to the NRS2002. Methods Three hundred and twenty-one ≥65 years old patients with cerebro- vascular disease （201 with cerebral infarction, 18 with cerebral hemorrhage and 102 with other ce- rebrovascular diseases） admitted to our hospital were divided into 65-74 years old group （n= 152） ,75-84 years old group （n=139） ,and ≥85 years old group （n=30）. Their nutrition was as- sessed according to the NRS2002 and scored according to the NIHSS. Different cerebrovascular disease classifications and NIHSS scores in different age groups were comparatively analyzed by cross-sectional study. Results The incidence of nutritional risk was 70.4%. The nutrition was significantly poorer in patients with cerebral infarction and hemorrhage than in those with other cerebrovascular diseases （P〈0.01）. The incidence of nutritional risk was significantly higher in 75-84 years old group and ≥85 years old group than in 65-74 years old group （P〈0.01）. The nutrition was poorer in patients with their NIHSS score 〉8 than in those with their NIHSS score ≤8 （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The incidence of nutritional risk is high in elderly cerebrovas- cular disease patients according to the the NRS2002, especially in advance-aged patients with is- chemic stroke and severe nerve defect. The nutrition of cerebrovascular disease patients should be assessed as early as possible according to the NRS2002 and effectively intervened.