营商环境省际差异与扩大进口——基于30个省级横截面数据的经验研究

Provincial Differences of Business Environment and Imports Expansion——An Empirical Study Based on 30 Provincial Cross-section Data

利用我国30个省级横截面数据,检验了各省营商环境细分指标与进口之间的关系。检验结果表明,各省商业机构开业时间的缩短对扩大进口有显著而积极的影响,而且在控制了交通便利程度、通讯便利程度、外企人力资本、政府干预行政成本、地理气候等相关变量后,上述结果仍然显著,表现出相当的稳健性;开业成本、执行合同成本和执行合同时间等指标均不显著,这进一步凸显了开业时间指标的重要性。因此,我国要在较短时间内迅速扩大进口并非易事,必须注意优化各省特别是中西部各省的营商环境,但不是对营商环境中的所有细分指标同时进行改革,而是应有取有舍,重中之重是提高政府效率,以缩短商业机构开业行政审批时间。

Using Chinese 30 provincial cross-section data;testing the relationship between the subdividing indexes of business environment and the import showing the index of commercial institutions＇ opening time has a positive and significant influence on the expansion of imports,meanwhile,under the control of the level of traffic convenience,communication convenience,human capital in the foreign enterprises,the administrative cost of government intervention and the geography and climate related variables,the results are still significant,showing considerable robustness.Commercial opening cost,contract execution cost and contract execution time of these indexes are not significant,which further highlights the opening time index.At present,it is not easy to expand imports significantly in a relatively short period of time for China.Governments must optimize provincial business environment especially in central and western part,but there is no need to reform all subdividing indexes of business environment,among them,we should emphasize government＇s efficiency,shorten the administrative time towards opening and registering business agency.