对废液库环境风险评价方法的思考

Assessment Methods for Environmental Risk of Liquid Waste Reservoir

结合具体实例,按照《建设项目环境风险评价导则》要求,对氨碱法制纯碱过程中产生的废液库进行环境风险评价,针对环境风险的风险识别、源项分析、事故类型确定、后果计算及风险管理措施与评价等方面进行了初步探讨。由于计算事故的泄漏时间及泄漏量时存在不确定性,可根据实际情况分析给出假定事故源强。不同阶段的溃坝概率是不同的,水库初蓄水期的溃坝概率较高。本项目环境风险应急预案的制定必须根据实际情况,应侧重于坝址下游人群安全。建议主要从事故发出预警、群众疏散、抢险与救助以及救援物资的供给等方面进行考虑。

In accordance with specific examples and the requirements of ＂Guidelines for Environmental Risk Assessment in Project Construction＂, this paper analyzed the environmental evaluation methods for liquid wastes generated in producing soda as with Ammonia alkali. The fields of environmental risk identification, source analysis, risk calculation and assessment, and risk management measures are discussed. While there is uncertainty in calculation of time and leakage amount, source intensity can be assumed based on the analysis of actual situation. The dam break ratio is higher in the initial storage period. The environmental contingency plan should focus on safety of people who live at downstream of damsite and the aspects of warning, evacuation, rescue and rescue goods.