生物燃料生产中微生物的有机溶剂耐受机制

Tolerance Mechanisms of Microorganisms to Organic Solvent in Biofuel Production

生物质转化成生物燃料需要经过预处理、糖化、发酵等步骤,在这些过程中往往会产生弱酸、酚、醇等有机溶剂,这些溶剂大多对相关微生物的生长、酶的活性等有一定的抑制作用,严重制约了生物燃料产业的发展,但少数微生物在自身的进化过程中,获得了较好的耐受有机溶剂的能力,因此具有非常广阔的工业应用前景。重点介绍了几种微生物对有机溶剂的耐受机制,包括细胞膜的改变与修饰、输出泵的作用、热激蛋白、转化和降解等。

Organic solvents,including weak acid, phenol, alcohol, produced in the conversion process oi olo- mass to biofuels,will harm to the growth of microorganisms, damage the activities of enzyme,and restrict the industrial development at last. But, few microorganisms obtain the abilities to tolerate the high concentration of organic solvents in their evolution process, therefore, they have great potential in future industrial application. This review mainly introduced the tolerance mechanisms of microorganisms to organic solvents, including mem- brane variation and modification, efflux pump, heat shock proteins, degradation and transformation,and so on.