“法国理论”在法国

"French Theory" in France

"法国理论"可以理解为经过美国包装后法国各派先锋理论的总和。今天它在本土所遭遇的反思命运,也还是带着当年"美国化"的印迹,包括《法国理论》等法国学者的相关著作,被译成英文后又反馈法国,进一步促成了未必是强弩之末的"理论"话语。反思中的一个共识是理论不宜反客为主,不能替代文本和作品分析,当然后者已不复拘泥于从泰纳到朗松的文学史视野。甚至,"法国理论"被认为是批判有余,人文维度终有缺失,所以福柯、德里达这些批判大师的著作,至今还没有走进法国课堂,成为文本分析的对象。但反思中的另一个声音同样值得注意:理论是谦卑的,因为它说到底是要给人性的弱点做出解释。由此给予我们的启示,应是今天来谈"法国理论",并不是怀旧哪个业已分崩离析的黄金时代。脱离具体语境的新术语泛滥诚然不足称道,然用平和的心态来看待"理论",如今或正当其时。

Being understood as a whole of various French avant-garde theories after their American repacking,'French theory' being back home today in turn enhances the 'theoretical' discourse which is far from extinguished.Francois Susset's French Theory: How Foucault,Derrida,Deleuze,& C.Transformed The Intellectual Life of United States is but one case among many.One consensus on its reflection however,is that it is not proper for theory to replace text analysis.In a degree,it explains why works of authors like Foucault and Derrida have not entered French classes so far.Yet theory after all is humble,for it is going to interpret the weakness,the non humanistic side of human being.In this perspective,'French theory' should not become a nostalgic term,instead,its realistic significance will be served in new contexts.