甘肃省生鲜乳中金黄色葡萄球菌及肠毒素污染状况调查

An investigation for the contamination of Staphylococcus aureus and enterotoxin in raw milk from Gansu

目的:采集甘肃省10个地区521份牛奶样品,对金黄色葡萄球菌及毒素进行污染调查,以期了解甘肃地区污染水平。方法:按GB4789.10规定的方法对金黄色葡萄球菌及毒素进行定性和定量分析。结果:乳头奶金黄色葡萄球菌检出65株,检出率为30.5%;原料奶检出72株,检出率为34.6%,成品乳中均未检出。同时对金黄色葡萄球菌阳性样品进行定量检测,65份乳头奶污染范围在10 CFU/ml～4500 CFU/ml之间,72份原料奶污染范围在10 CFU/ml～15000 CFU/ml之间。多分布在10 CFU/ml～10000 CFU/ml,超过10000 CFU/ml以上的10份,均为原料奶。213份乳头奶葡萄球菌肠毒素进行了检验,5份检出,检出率为2.35%,208份原料奶中检出3份,检出率为1.44%,100份成品乳中检出1份,检出率为1.00%。结论:甘肃生乳中金黄色葡萄球菌污染较为严重,认为今后要加强奶源的管理,同时要加强对肠毒素的定量检验方法和毒理学试验的研究。

Objective： To investigate the pollution status of Staphylococcus aureus and its enterotoxin,in order to understand the pollution level in Gansu area.Methods： According to GB4789.10,the Staphylococcus aureus and its enterotoxin were carried out qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis.Results： Sixty-five Staphylococcus aureus strains were detected in nipple milk（30.5%）,seventy-two Staphylococcus aureus strains were detected in raw milk（34.6%）,none was found in product milk.The quantitative detection showed that the pollution range was 10 CFU/ml^4500 CFU/ml for nipple milk,10 CFU/ml^15000 CFU/ml for raw milk,most were distributed in the range of 10 CFU/ml^10000 CFU/ml,ten raw milk samples were above 10000 CFU/ml.The detection rate of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin was 2.35% in nipple milk samples（5/213）,1.44% in raw milk samples（3/208） and 1.00% in product milk samples（1/100）.Conclusion： The Staphylococcus aureus pollution was serious in raw milk of Gansu province,so it is necessary to strengthen milk source management,quantitative detection and toxicology test on Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin.