综合ICU住院病人医院感染现状调查及防控措施

SURVEY ON NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS OF INPATIENTS IN COMPREHENSIVE ICU AND ITS PREVENTION MEASUREMENTS

目的了解医院重症监护病房住院病人医院感染现状,为制定防控措施提供依据。方法通过回顾性调查和资料分析方法,对某医院重症监护病房2010-2011年住院病人医院感染发生情况进行了调查。结果该医院重症监护病房两年内共收治不同病种的重症病人684例,发生医院感染136例,感染率为19.88%。感染部位以呼吸道为主,构成比为61.38%,其中下呼吸道感染构成占42.65%;其次是泌尿道感染占13.97%和血管内导管相关感染占11.03%。医院感染的病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占52%。结论该医院重症监护病房住院病人医院感染发生率明显高于其他科室,严格无菌操作和执行手卫生措施以及合理使用抗菌药物是主要有效防控措施。

Objective To understand the nosocomial infection status of ICU hospital inpatients so as to provide the basis for making prevention and control measures. Methods Retrospective investigation and data analysis were used to investigate nosocomial infection of inpatients in ICU from year 2010 to 2011. Results 684 cases in ICU of the hospital were investigated in two years. 136 eases of them had nosocomial infection and the infection rate was 19. 88%. The infection sites were mainly in the respiratory tract and the constituent ratio was 61.38%. The lower respiratory tract infection accounted for 42. 65% ,followed by urinary tract infection that accounted for 13.97% and intravascular catheter related infection accounted for 11.03%. The main pathogen of nosocomial infection was the Gram negative bacilli, accounted for 52%. Conclusion The nosocomial infection rate of inpatients in ICU of this hospital is significantly higher than that of other departments. Strict aseptic operation, implementation of band hygiene measures and the rational use of antimicrobial agents are effective prevention and control measures.