深圳口岸国际旅行者多种疫苗联合接种安全性分析

Analysis on the safety of simultaneous vaccine administration at Shenzhen port

目的观察和监测疫苗接种不良反应,探讨多种疫苗联合接种的安全性。方法在深圳国际旅行卫生保健中心通过电话回访及当面回访的方式收集不良反应信息,分析不良反应发生情况。结果2007年4月—2012年4月共回访12 570人次,32 213剂次。不良反应总报告率为10.69%,全身反应及局部反应分别为5.64%及5.82%。女性不良反应总报告率及局部反应报告率均高于男性(χ2总不良反应=11.2018,χ2局部反应=42.2675,P<0.01);40岁以下年龄组不良反应总报告率高于40岁以上年龄组,20岁以下年龄组全身反应低于20岁以上年龄组,0岁-、20岁-及40岁-3个年龄组受种者局部反应报告率随年龄增高依次降低(χ2=26.1940,P<0.01);夏季全身反应报告率低于秋、冬季(χ2=10.7821,P<0.05),夏季局部反应报告率高于冬季(χ2=10.8183,P<0.05);接种疫苗数量(含口服疫苗)不同的受种者不良反应总报告率为1种<2种<3-7种(χ2=163.8970,P<0.01),全身反应报告率为1-3种<4种<5-7种(χ2=91.3405,P<0.01);注射针次(不含口服疫苗)不同者局部反应报告率为1针次<2针次<3-6针次(χ2=186.9116,P<0.01)。结论本次研究不良反应报告情况在预期发生范围,多种疫苗同时接种的安全性问题仍需进一步探讨。应作好预防接种的各个环节的准备工作确保预防接种工作质量和安全。

Objective To study the safety of simultaneous vaccine administration through surveying vaccine adverse reactions. Methods The data of adverse reaction was collected by phone and face-to-face interview in Shenzhen international healthcare center, and the adverse events were analyzed. Results A total of 32 213 doses were given among 12 570 people during Apr.2007 to Apr.2012. The reported rate of adverse reaction was 10.69%, 5.64% and 5.82% for systemic and local reaction separately. In tenms of total local adverse effect rate, female was higher than male, while the rate the group under 40 years of age was higher than those above 40. The systemic reaction rate for group under 20 years old was lower than that of group above 20. The resouhs also showed that the local reaction rate descended as the age ascends in three age groups of 0~, 20-and 40~ （X2= 26.1940, P 〈 0.01）. There was a higher systemic reaction rate in summer than autumn and winter （X2= 10.7821, P 〈 0.05）, and also a lower local reaction rate （X~= 10.8183, P 〈 0.05）. Meanwhile, there was different reaction rate in different kinds of simultaneous vaccines. The total rate was I kind 〈 2 kinds〈3~7 kinds（x2= 163.8970, P〈0.01）, and systemic rate was 1-3 kinds〈4 kinds〈5~7 kinds（x2= 91.3405, P 〈 0.01）. The condition of local reaction rate was 1 injection 〈 2 injections 〈 3＋6 injections（x2= 186.911＋6, P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The results of this study occurred inter expected range. It is necessary to explore the safety of simultaneous vaccination. In order to ensure the quality and safety of vaccination, we should ready for all aspects of work.