湘潭地区不同孕期、不同年龄孕妇微量元素变化分析

Analysis of Pregnant Women's Trace Element at Different Gestation Period and Age in Xiangtan Area

目的:了解湘潭地区妊娠期妇女不同孕期、不同年龄微量元素的变化规律及缺乏情况,为孕妇合理地补充血清微量元素提供理论依据,从而达到提高孕期保健,减少不良妊娠事件发生的目的。方法:将255例观察组孕妇按妊娠时间分成早孕组(≤12周),中孕组(>12～<28周),晚孕组(≥28周),同时选取45例的健康非妊娠妇女作对照;并且根据年龄将观察组孕妇分为30岁以上组(年龄≥30岁)和30岁以下组(年龄<30岁),采用原子吸收分光光度法测定不同孕期、不同年龄孕妇血清铁、钙、锌、镁、铜5种元素的含量,并统计出不同孕期、不同年龄孕妇5种元素的缺乏情况。结果:不同孕期、不同年龄孕妇各种微量元素均值比较有显著性差异(P<0.05),表明微量元素的失衡程度与年龄和孕期有关。各孕期铁锌钙的缺乏率与对照组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05);30岁以上组中铁、钙、锌与30岁以下组有明显差异(P<0.05)。结论:湘潭地区妊娠期孕妇不同孕期、不同年龄间微量元素含量存在着一定差异,孕妇应根据孕周和年龄的不同合理加强对铁、钙、锌等微量元素的补充,以避免孕期不良妊娠结局的发生,提高优生优育。

Objective： To understand the trace element changing rules of pregnant woman in different gestation periods and in different ages in Xiangtan area and its deficiency situation, so as to provide theory basis for reasonable supplementation of the blood serum trace element, and enhance the gestation period health care. Methods： According to the pregnancy time, 255 pregnant women in observation group were divided into Early pregnancy group （〈 12 weeks）, Mid-term pregnancy group （〉12-〈28 weeks）, Late pregnancy group （〉 28 weeks）. Simultaneously, 45 cases of health non-pregnancy woman were selected as the control group. Women in observation group were also divided according to the age into above 30 years old group （the age ~ 30 years） and Under 30 years old group （the age 〈30 years）. The atomic absorption spectrophotometric method was used to determine the blood serum contents of 5 kinds of elements like iron, calcium, zinc, magnesium and copper of women in different gestation period and different ages. Their deficiency situations were also calculated and analyzed. Results： The average value of trace element of pregnant women indifferent gestation periods and ages had statistical difference （P〈0.05）, indicating that the unbalanced degree of trace element was related with the gestation period and the age. The lack of iron, zinc and calciumin in different gestation periods had statistically significant difference as compared with the control group （P〈0.05）. The above 30 years old group also had obvious difference in the iron, calcium, zinc as compared with the Under 30 years old group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： The gestation period woman in different gestation periods and ages had different trace element contents in Xiangtan area. The pregnant woman should according to pregnant weeks and their ages strengthen reasonably the trace element supplement of iron, calcium, zinc and so on, so that can avoid the adverse accidents in gestation period.