孕期家装污染对子代大鼠脑组织结构和认知功能的影响

The Effects of Indoors Decoration Pollutants during Early Pregnancy on Brain Structure and Cognitive Function in Off-spring Rats

目的:建立孕期家装污染大鼠模型,并探讨其对孕鼠子代神经元形态和神经行为的影响。方法:将22只成年孕鼠随机分为对照组和染毒组,分别在孕早期(D1-D10)给予相应的处理。在生后不同时间观察新生大鼠大脑的发育并检测脑组织重量,同时观察新生大鼠皮层神经元的形态变化并检测学习记忆活动。结果:各组新生大鼠脑组织无畸形,且各组大鼠脑组织重量无显著变化,但与对照组相比染毒组皮层神经元的排列及形态欠规则。出生一月后染毒组皮层神经元突起的数量及长度均少于对照组。行为学检测观察到染毒组大鼠其子代大鼠的学习记忆能力明显低于对照组。结论:家装污染物可导致新生大鼠海马神经元的形态学改变并抑制神经元突起的发育与生长,对大鼠的学习记忆功能有明显的损害作用。

Objective： To establish the early pregnancy rat models by exposing indoors decoration air pollutants,and to investigate the neuronal morphological change and neurobehavioral development of the offspring.Methods： Twenty-two pregnant rats were divided into control group and polluted group randomly.All rats were treated respectively in early pregnancy（D1-D10）.The development of brain and the brain weight were observed in different period of postnatal days.The changes of neuronal morphology in two groups,the functions of learning and memory were also examined.Results： Apparent malformation and weight difference were not observed in new-born rats in different times of the two groups.In the polluted groups,the arrangement and morphology of neurons in cortex region were less regular than those in the control group.One month after birth,the number and length of processes grew from neurons in cortex were less than those in the control group.The learning and memory function of off-spring rats in the polluted group were lower than those in the control group.Conclusion： Indoor decoration pollutant induces neuronal morphological changes and inhibits the neuronal development and synapses growth which may influence the learning and memory functions of rats.