文化货物贸易与文化服务贸易决定因素差异的实证研究

Difference between Determined Factors of International Trade in Cultural Goods and Cultural Services

因文化货物贸易与文化服务贸易具备不同特性及两者之间存在着替代性,从而导致两者在一国贸易中的国际竞争力表现有所不同。笔者借助加拿大颁布的文化贸易统计数据,分别对文化货物贸易与文化服务贸易的决定因素进行了考察,结果表明:经济规模与人口变量对上述两类贸易的影响基本是相反的;地理距离对两类贸易都形成了贸易成本,但对文化服务贸易所形成的贸易成本更大;文化距离对两类贸易的进、出口影响是不一致的;双边信息网络覆盖程度对双边文化货物进、出口有促进作用,但对双边文化服务贸易并无明显影响。

Because of different traits and the substitution between trade in cuhural goods and cultural services, the competitive ability of the above two trade modes represents dissimilar characteristics. The paper demonstrates the distinct traits of determined factors of in- ternational trade in cultural goods and trade in cultural services by data of Canada. The results are as follows： GDP and population, two control variables of the gravity equation, have opposite effects on these two trade modes, geography distance have negative effects on two trade modes, and trade in cultural services are affected more by geography distance. The effects of cultural distance on two trade modes are ambiguous. The coverage of information network has positive effects on trade in cultural goods, but has no obvious effects on trade in cultural services.