民营与国有企业政府关系管理的比较研究——以河南省为例

A Comparative Study on Corporate Political Behavior of China's Private and State-Owned Businesses——Use Henan as an Example

笔者以河南省为例,采用深度访谈和问卷调查的方式,比较了中国民营企业和国有企业在政治环境和政府关系管理上的差异。研究发现,与国有企业相比,民营企业的生存压力更大;在与政府的互动过程中显得更被动;其政治活动更缺乏系统性,而活动的连续性更取决于一些偶然因素,如企业领导人的政治头脑等;民营企业与政府之间也更缺乏顺畅的沟通渠道,对第三方的引荐依赖性很大。政府官员还没有普遍建立起服务企业的理念和工作方法,在决策过程中仍然经常会受到"人情"的影响。各级政府应着力建立与各类企业廉洁高效的互动平台,而企业也应该提高自身的政府关系管理水平。

Adopting an in - depth interview and questionnaire approach, and using Henan as an example, this paper examines the differences of corporate political behavior between China~ private businesses and state - owned corporations. The result shows that com- paring with state - owned businesses, private firms are operating under higher pressure from the government. They are more reactive in- stead of proaetive towards government＇s behavior; their political actions are less organized, and the continuity of their actions depends on accidental factors such as the political mind of corporate leaders. In addition, private businesses are interacting with public officials through more limited channels than that of state - owned corporations, and heavily rely on third parties＇ support. The government has not yet established a serving culture or adopted such an approach to dealing with businesses. They interact with state - owned and pri- vate businesses differently and their decision - making process is very often influenced by ＂guanxi＂. This paper concludes that a ＂clean＂ and efficient interacting platform between businesses and all levels of China＇ s government be built, and to achieve business success, firms must improve their skills in government relations management.