我国农村以地养老政策及其法律思考——老龄化背景下的土地流转问题研究

Chinese Rural Land-for-pension Scheme and its Legal Consideration——Research on the Transfer of Rural Land-use Right under the Background of Aging of Population

我国农业生产人口老龄化趋势日益明显,而当下农村以地养老的几种模式存在着种种制约因素。因此,我国农村以地养老制度要按照还原土地资源本质、走可持续发展道路,以市场为导向、以政府为推力的理念进行重新设计,实行土地连片流转助推农村养老。在实施过程中,要坚持土地用途管制,严控农地改建设用地;变革农村集体组织,推动农业主体现代化;建立完善农村土地市场,确定农地使用权的抵押;明确土地法律责任,严惩土地违法行为。

The tendency of aging of the rural population is becoming increasingly obvious and there are various restraining factors in the current rural land-for-pension models. Therefore, Chinese rural land-for-pension scheme should be redesigned according to the concepts of restoring the resource nature of land, taking the sustainable development road, treating the market as orientation and the government as promotion to practice massive land transfer for promoting the security of rural old-age pension. During the implementation, it is necessary to adhere to the land usage control, to strictly control the change of farmland into the construction land, to build and perfect the rural land markets, to establish the mortgage of rural land-use right, to clarify the rural land legal responsibility and strictly punish the land illegal acts.