美国强制报告制度对中国老年保护的启示

the Enlightenment of American Mandatory Reporting System for Chinese Elderly Protection

20世纪70年代,为应对严重的老年虐待问题,美国多数州立法均确立了强制报告制度,对报告的主体、报告的情形与内容、未能报告的责任以及报告的例外情况等方面作了规定。为实施该制度,美国各州出台了加强报告责任人的专业培训、提高老年人的维权意识、为受虐老人提供服务等多项措施。在我国,新修订的《老年人权益保障法》虽然对老年虐待行为及其责任进行了较为详细的规定,但几乎没有关于发现和预防老年虐待行为的规定。为此,应当借鉴美国强制报告制度,明确老年虐待的内涵,及时确立强制报告制度,并加强配套措施的建设。

Many states of the United States established a mandatory reporting system to deal with serious elder abuse in nineteen seventies, which stipulated the body, situation, content, failing and exceptions of the report. To implement the system, the Unit- ed States took a number of measures such as professional training for mandatory reporters, improving old peoples rights conscious- ness and providing services for abused older people. Although the new adopted Law have provided about the action of elder abuse and Its responsibility, but the detection and prevention of elder abuse behavior regulations still lack. Therefore, our country should learn from America mandatory reporting system to make a clear connotation of elder abuse, timely establish mandatory re- porting system and strengthen the construction of supporting measures.