基于生态需水的辽河干流生态系统功能价值计算

Calculation of river ecosystem function value for Liao River mainstream based on ecological water demand

河流生态系统功能的正常发挥,必须是在河流生态需水得到满足的前提下。本文采用水文学法对辽河干流生态需水量进行了计算,结果表明辽河干流生态需水量为17.84亿m3,分区贡献量为6.54亿m3,分析了辽河干流生态系统功能,将其划分为产品功能和服务功能,计算方法采用市场价值法、机会成本法和恢复费用法等,以生态需水量计算结果为依据,结果表明:总价值为23.96亿元/a,供水价值为12.49亿元/a,占总价值的52.12%;蓄积水分功能价值为5.95亿元/a,占总价值的25.83%,说明辽河干流在供水和蓄积水分功能方面发挥着主要的作用。所计算的辽河干流生态系统功能价值是河流处于健康状态下为人类提供的价值。

Functioning of a river ecosystem cannot be normal unless its ecological water demand is met.In this study,ecological water demand was calculated for Liao River with a hydrology method.The results show that the mainstream demand is 1.784 billion m3,including a district contribution of 654 million m3.An analysis on the ecosystem function of this river indicates that it can be divided into product functions and service functions and that these functions can be evaluated by market value method,opportunity cost method and recovery cost method.Through calculation of the ecological water demand,this analysis reveals a total value of 2.396 billion yuan/a,water supply value of 1.249 billion yuan/a or 52.12% of the total,and water accumulation value of 595 million year/a or 25.83% of the total.These figures indicate that Liao River plays a key role in water supply and water accumulation and that the river are currently in a healthy state providing value to mankind.