氮素与植物生长相关研究进展

Research progress on nitrogen and plant growth

20世纪70年代以来,我国农业生产中氮肥施用量迅速增加。过量施肥对生态系统造成的污染日益加重,而且植物氮素利用率越来越低。提高作物对氮素的利用率,减少氮肥对生态系统的污染是目前的研究热点。文章从氮素的重要作用、植物生长发育与氮代谢关系、植物氮素生理代谢和植物氮素代谢的分子机制等四方面进行综述,并对未来植物氮素研究及提高氮素利用效率提出对策。

Since the 1970s, in China＇s agriculture, the application amount of nitrogen fertilizer has been increasing rapidly. However, the environment pollution caused by excessive nitrogen fertilizer applied to ecosystems is increasing. As well, nitrogen use efficiency in plants is becoming lower than before. Improving the crop nitrogen utilization for reducing nitrogen pollution is now a hot research topic in the world. From 4 aspects in this review, the important role of nitrogen, the plant growth and nitrogen metabolism relationship, the plant nitrogen physiological metabolism and its molecular mechanisms were summarized. And some ideas and strategies about the future studies on plant nitrogen and its use efficiency were also provided.