材料非平面部位组成与状态的原位统计分布分析表征技术

Original position statistic distribution analysis characterization technique for composition and state on non-planar surface of materials

采用激光原位统计分布分析(Laser-OPA)技术表征非平面表面小规格样品(焊管弧形表面、船板钢厚板坯冲击试样和定向凝固镍基高温合金涡轮叶片)的成分分布情况,首次提出用二维投影含量等高图、三维形貌含量等高图等方法来表征样品非平面表面各化学元素分布状况。焊管弧形表面元素的频度-含量分布与最大偏析度的结果较吻合;对于船板钢厚板坯冲击试样,火花原位(Spark-OPA)、激光诱导击穿光谱原位(LIBS-OPA)与激光烧蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱原位统计分布(LA-ICP-MS-OPA)的元素分布情况三者一致;高温合金涡轮叶片的LA-ICP-MS-OPA结果表明,低熔点元素在多晶带区域容易析出,工艺上采用定向凝固技术能有效改善析出现象。

Laser position statistic distribution analysis（Laser-OPA） technique was used to characterize the component distribution of small non-planar surface samples （welded pipe arc surface, the impact sample of ship plate steel thick slab and directional solidification of nickel-based superalloy turbine blades）. Two-dimensional projection content contour map and three-dimensional morphology content contour map were firstly proposed to characterize the distribution condition of various chemical ele- ments on non-planar surface. The frequency-content distribution of elements on welded pipe arc sur- face is in good agreement with the results of maximum segregation. As for the impact sample of ship plate steel thick slab, the distribution results obtained by spark original position statistic distribution analysis （Spark-OPA）, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy-original position statistic distribution a- nalysis （LIBS-OPA） and laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry-original position statistic distribution analysis （LA-ICP-MS-OPA） were consistent with one another. The LA-ICP-MS- OPA result of superalloy turbine blades indicated the low melting point elements were easily precipita- ted on polycrsytal band and the directional solidification technique can effectively improve the precipi- tation phenomenon.