常染色体显性多囊肾病的新认识

Advances in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

常染色体显性多囊肾病(ADPKD)是一种最常见的单基因遗传性肾病,以肾脏囊肿及一系列肾外表现为临床特点,由于高发病率及预后不良,近年来成为肾脏病学领域的研究热点。其发病机制尚未明确,一般认为,ADPKD是由于基因突变导致突变基因PKD1、PKD2异常而发病,纤毛致病学说是目前研究的热点。近年来,国内外进行了很多相关的基础与临床研究,发病机制、诊断及治疗方面都有很大进步,包括新提出的发病机制,如炎症在ADPKD发病中起的作用;评估各种诊断方法,如应用生物标志物;发现新的治疗靶点等。本文就其研究现状及最新进展做一综述。

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease is the most common single-gene inherited kidney disease, it is characterized by kidney cysts and a range of extra-renal performance, due to its high incidence and poor prognosis, it becomes one of the most hot spots of the research in the field of nephrology. Its pathogenesis is not yet clear, it is generally believed ADPKD is caused by mutations in the gene PKDI ,PKD2 ,abnormal cilia＇s roles in pathogenesis is hot in recent research. In recent years,there were a number of related basic and clinical researches at home and abroad, which were progress in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment emerges including the newly proposed pathogenesis such as the role of inflammation, as well as assessment of various diagnostic methods, applications of biomarkers, and discovery of new therapeutic targets. This paper briefly summaries the current research status and recent development.